Eye and Ear Irrigation Safety and Procedure

Key Points

  • Irrigation is used to remove irritants, debris, and secretions and may deliver therapeutic solution.
  • Chemical eye exposure is an emergency and requires immediate irrigation.
  • Temperature-appropriate solution and correct flow direction reduce discomfort and injury risk.
  • Ear irrigation is contraindicated in key conditions such as tympanic membrane damage.

Equipment

  • Ordered irrigating solution and route-specific supplies
  • Needleless syringe or approved irrigation device per policy
  • Gloves, protective barrier materials, basin/collection supplies
  • Otoscope support workflow for ear assessment when indicated
  • Documentation and escalation pathway tools

Procedure Steps

  1. Verify patient identity, indication, and route-specific safety checks before irrigation.
  2. Perform hand hygiene, apply gloves, and prepare protective setup for runoff control.
  3. For eye irrigation, position to allow inner-to-outer flow and avoid contaminating lacrimal pathway.
  4. Begin eye irrigation immediately for chemical exposure and continue per emergent protocol.
  5. For ear irrigation, confirm no contraindications (for example, damaged eardrum, active canal infection, ear tubes unless specifically directed).
  6. Use room-temperature solution for ear irrigation to reduce vertigo, dizziness, and nausea.
  7. Direct flow safely (avoid forceful stream onto sensitive structures) and monitor tolerance continuously.
  8. Reassess symptoms and local findings after procedure and escalate persistent pain, dizziness, bleeding, or neurologic changes.
  9. Document indication, solution, tolerance, findings, and follow-up actions.

Common Errors

  • Delaying eye irrigation after chemical exposure preventable vision loss risk.
  • Using nonsterile/unsafe water source for nasal-ear-eye adjacent procedures contamination risk.
  • Performing ear irrigation despite contraindications perforation, vertigo, or worsening injury risk.
  • Excessive pressure during irrigation tissue trauma and symptom escalation.